Cognitive intervention, music therapy, exercise therapy, nostalgia therapy, horticultural therapy and other non-pharmacological therapies have auxiliary therapeutic effects and need to be carried out by social workers, psychotherapists and other professionals in cooperation with medical staff. In particular, the following three methods should be carried out simultaneously with drug treatment.
Cognitive function training
Cognitive training (intellectual training) can delay and improve mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and can be divided into cognitive intervention, cognitive stimulation and other means. Studies have shown that cognitive training for early and mid-term patients can improve cognition and daily life ability; but for those with more serious illness, the effect of cognitive training is poor, and the effect of cognitive stimulation is more obvious.
1. Cognitive training: It needs to be completed with the participation of rehabilitation therapists, patients, and caregivers. It has a certain effect on the elderly in the early and clinical stages. Rehabilitation therapists will develop a series of tasks (such as recognizing pictures, origami, finding one's own room, sorting objects, etc.) to improve specific cognitive functions (such as memory, concentration, ability to deal with problems, etc.).
The caregiver can also allow the elderly to do some simple analysis, judgment, reasoning, calculation training, and try to tell the content related to a certain object or animal, such as "what are the characteristics of a cat and what will it do"; let the elderly see Newspaper, listening to the radio, watching TV, etc., help him understand the content and discuss it.
2. Cognitive stimulation: organize courses in groups to improve overall cognitive and social functions. Before starting, arrange warm-up activities, such as singing and passing the ball; then, start fun themed activities, such as childhood memories, reading news, recognizing celebrity faces or scenery, classification and use of objects, number games, word games, use of money, etc.
Music therapy
People with cognitive impairment may face the following situations:
The first stage: feeling decline, and emotions such as anxiety, depression, sadness, disappointment, etc.;
The second stage: aggravation of the disease leads to behavioral disorders;
In the third stage, understanding and emotional expression gradually decline, often feeling depressed and angry.
The rhythm and rhythm of music can stimulate the hippocampus area in charge of memory, piece music information into a whole, or connect with past events, and can recall corresponding events when hearing music of different characteristics and styles, thereby improving memory Features.
Exercise therapy
Physical activity or aerobic exercise itself is a simple and effective cognitive training process, which maintains and promotes hand-foot coordination, balance ability, concentration and distribution of attention, memory and executive ability. Research shows that moderate-intensity physical exercise programs (such as walking) can improve cognitive function.
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